Archive for category Police
Part IV: Crime – Raw stats or real story?
Posted by Kit in Martin Jalleh, Police on Saturday, 26 March 2011
Celebrating Police Day! (4)
By Martin Jalleh
The rakyat was told that the government’s battle against crime showed good results in 2010. Home Minister Hishammuddin Tun Hussein announced in May 2010 that his Ministry’s success in reducing the crime rate index for the first four months of the year had surpassed the initial target.
Minister in the PM’s Department Senator Idris Jala revealed the results of the National Key Results Area (NKRA) for crime were outstanding for the first quarter and what the police and the ministry had done in that period was totally beyond expectation.
In Oct. 2010 a very elated IGP Ismail Omar proudly declared that police statistics indicated a significant drop in street crime by 38% and in the overall crime index by 16% between January and September.
But strangely, and as was so aptly put by Lim Kit Siang in October, “…up and down the country, ordinary Malaysians do not feel this dividend of fall of crime index in their daily lives as they do not feel comparatively safer in the streets, public places or privacy of their homes…”
In fact Kit Siang’s sentiments were so eloquently echoed by former Deputy Bank Governor Tan Sri Dr. Lin See Yin, in his article “The mystique of national transformation” which appeared online before the year ended:
Read the rest of this entry »
Part III: Firestorm over fatal police shootings
Posted by Kit in Martin Jalleh, Police on Saturday, 26 March 2011
Celebrating Police Day! (3)
By Martin Jalleh
There was deep concern and consternation throughout 2010 over what the public viewed as the growing “shoot-to-kill” culture by the police force or what R. Sivarasa, the MP for Subang, called “a culture of impunity”.
“It means that they feel that they can do as they wish and they won’t be held accountable… they can shoot, kill, and there won’t be any questions asked (or)… any investigations and that they can continue doing so,” he said.
The nationwide concern over the trigger-happy cops of PDRM culminated into public outraged in April with the police “killing” of 14-year old Form III student Aminulrasyid Hamzah about 100 metres from his Shah Alam house.
The callous responses and cavalier attitude of the IGP, Home Minister and the police as they tried to contain the public firestorm caused the public to lose confidence in them and repeatedly call for the IGP to resign.
Respected lawyer Art Harun captured the sentiments of the people so clearly: “Right-minded people of Malaysia regard the killing of Aminulrasyid as symptomatic of lawless totalitarianism.” Read the rest of this entry »
Why are porn video purveyors, pedlars roaming free?
Posted by Kit in Anwar Ibrahim, Crime, Police on Saturday, 26 March 2011
by P Ramakrishnan
We have laws to curb the circulation of pornographic material. We have a vigilant police force to raid pornographic outlets and enforce law and order.
We have a judiciary that shows no mercy to those indulging in the sale of pornographic videos to guard the moral sense of the society.
We have a special section in the Ministry of Home Affairs (KDN), which vets publications and bans books and magazines which are explicit in their pornographic contents.
And of course we have Pusat Islam at the federal level and its equivalent at all the state levels who have been moral policing the rakyat.
We prosecute those in possession of pornographic material. We don’t spare those viewing pornographic videos even in the confines of their homes.
Such is our revulsion for pornography that we spare no effort in curbing and controlling pornographic material in all forms – which is very commendable.
This is why Malaysians are flabbergasted that the police have not moved in to take action against a businessman and two politicians who have publicly admitted to the possession of a pornographic video. Read the rest of this entry »
Part II: Burgeoning Brutality by the Men in Blue
Posted by Kit in Martin Jalleh, Police on Saturday, 26 March 2011
CELEBRATING “POLICE DAY” (2)
by Martin Jalleh
2010 was yet another year when the police were allowed to continue to operate in an environment of impunity when it came to their excessive methods in relation to arrest, detention and treatment of persons in custody.
Two tragic episodes in the year made the culture of police brutality increasingly obvious and gave further credence to the accusation that Bolehland has become a Police State.
The first was an “open verdict” delivered by a coroner’s court on 25 Oct. 2010 in an inquest to determine the cause of R Gunasegaran’s death in the Sentul police station on 16 July, 2009, a few hours after Teoh Beng Hock’s body was discovered.
In a press statement entitled: “End Police Brutality now” a “deeply concerned” Malaysian Bar commented on the “inability of the coroner to make a definitive finding in this case” in spite of “the strength of the evidence pointing to the culpability of the police”.
The second was the shocking story of K Selvach Santhiran, a key witness who implicated the police in the abovementioned inquest. His lawyer, N Surendran would describe his client’s nightmare as “the continuing descent of the police force into lawlessness”. Read the rest of this entry »
Public confidence in Police Plummeted in 2010
Posted by Kit in Martin Jalleh, Police on Friday, 25 March 2011
CELEBRATING “POLICE DAY” (1)
by Martin Jalleh
25th March 2011
Bolehland celebrates the 204th Police Day today. We thank God for each member of the PDRM for risking and putting their lives on the line every day for us and the countless unseen and untold sacrifices they have made.
We would like to believe that the country is at peace because of the police.
Sadly though a review of the performance of the police force last year (2010) indicates the failure of the government’s professed intention of improving the level of public confidence in the country’s police force.
In a four-part series. the reader will be able to see how in 2010, the police
a) aggressively and indiscriminately denied certain citizens the constitutional right to the freedom of speech and assembly b) abused and used arbitrarily the wide powers of arrest and detention
c) acted with impunity and complete disregard for constitutional and judicial safeguards.
d) arrogantly showed their contempt for the rights of the people that resulted in gross abuse of police powers leading to brutality, torture, prolonged detention, shooting, custodial violence and death.
Part I: Police Preferred to Play Politics
In March 2010, then then IGP Musa Hassan’s insisted that “the police did not take into account the political leanings of anyone, including politicians, when conducting their investigation…”
Musa was only fooling himself. There were ample examples in 2010 of the police being blatantly and brazenly biased towards the powers that be. This can be especially seen in the double standards it displayed. Read the rest of this entry »
Can IGP Ismail Omar give a categorical assurance that there would be no cover-up in the Carcosa sex tape investigations as happened in 1998 when results of Anwar Ibrahim black-eye police investigations were initially suppressed?
Posted by Kit in Anwar Ibrahim, Crime, Police on Thursday, 24 March 2011
The Inspector-General of Police Tan Sri Ismail Omar should give a categorical assurance that there would be no cover-up in the Carcosa sex tape investigations as happened in 1998 when results of Anwar Ibrahim black-eye police investigations were initially suppressed.
More than a decade after the event, the former Kuala Lumpur Criminal Investigations Department chief Datuk Mat Zain Ibrahim, who was the investigation officer in the Anwar “black eye” assault case, revealed that he had right from the beginning found out that it was the then Inspector-General of Police, Tan Sri Rahim Noor who had committed the offence but this information was initially suppressed and it was only finally forced out publicly in a Royal Commission of Inquiry four months later.
A special police team to investigate into Carcosa sex tape caper lodged by Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim will not inspire much confidence unless the Inspector-General of Police can give such an assurance as well as explain why the police had been so slow in springing into action following news of the Carcosa sex tape video caper on Monday.
Read the rest of this entry »
Why are sex video trio not charged?
So, those who surmised that the sex video revealed by ‘Datuk T’ was a political ploy have been proven right. The people behind it – three of them – have confessed to it.
They were forced to reveal themselves because PKR’s MP Johari Abdul had earlier spilled the beans on them. It all unravelled like a cheap soap opera.
Former Malacca chief minister Rahim Thamby Chik, businessman Shazryl Eskay Abdullah and Shuib Lazim, treasurer-general of Perkasa, have come out to say they are ‘Datuk T’. And they have the cheek to call for a royal commission of inquiry into the sex video.
In the first place, they have transgressed Section 292 of the Penal Code for possessing and distributing pornographic material. Regardless of who the person in the video is, the trio are culpable. Exposing a politician’s sexual activity does not protect them from the law.
Read the rest of this entry »
Why police not yet arrested “Datuk T” – Datuk Trio of Rahim Thamby Chik, Shazryl Eskay Abdullah and Shuib Lazim – for the crimes of the Sri Carcosa sex tape caper
Posted by Kit in Anwar Ibrahim, Crime, Police on Wednesday, 23 March 2011
The mystery of the “Dato T” of the Sri Carcosa sex tape caper has been resolved in 48 hours with the confession by the culprits concerned – former Malacca chief minister and Umno veteran Tan Sri Rahim Thamby Cik, Shazryl Eskay Abdullah and Perkasa’s Shuib Lazim.
In a hurriedly-called press conference, Rahim admitted that “Datuk T” stood for “Datuk Trio” comprising three of them.
Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim had immediately denied that he was the man in the video and had lodged a police report the very next day.
Two questions now uppermost in the minds of all right-thinking Malaysians are:
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Why police have not yet arrested the trio of “Datuk T”, namely Rahim, Shazryl and Shuib for various crimes including Section 292 of the Penal Code for “publicly exhibiting any obscene or pornographic material” liable to a jail term of three years or Section 5(1) of the Film Censorship Act 2002 where a person is liable to be fined up to RM50,000 or jailed up to five years or both. Do the trio enjoy immunity and impunity for breaches of the law and actions which have brought world-wide shame to the nation? Read the rest of this entry »
Police efficiency, independence and professionalism major casualties of the Sri Carcosa sex tape caper
Posted by Kit in Najib Razak, Police on Wednesday, 23 March 2011
Police efficiency, independence and professionalism are again the major casualties of the Sri Carcosa sex tape caper targeting Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim two days ago on Monday.
Would the police stayed on the sidelines, claiming ignorance of the flagrant commission of crimes and impotence to act until Anwar lodged a police report, if the target of the Sri Carcosa sex tape caper had been the Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Razak, the Deputy Prime Minister Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin or anyone of the Cabinet Ministers?
Would the de facto Law Minister, Datuk Seri Nazri Aziz in these circumstances come to the defence of the mysterious “Datuk T” and made the astounding declaration “Don’t kill the messenger” and claimed that there was nothing illegal in the Sri Carcosa sex tape caper?
And if there is nothing legally wrong in the Sri Carcosa sex taper caper as claimed by the de facto Minister, then what is the police investigating about following the report lodged by Anwar?
Read the rest of this entry »
Refusal to set up IPCMC the strongest proof of continuing lack of political will to eradicate police abuses and corruption
Home Minister Datuk Seri Hishammuddin Hussein’s reiteration that the government still has no plans of forming an Independent Police Complaints and Misconduct Commission (IPCMC) is the strongest proof of continuing lack of political will to eradicate police abuses and corruption.
Malaysians will remember that it was Hishammuddin when he was Umno Youth leader who led the opposition to the establishment of the IPCMC more than five years ago when it was proposed by the Dzaiddin Royal Police Commission as the most important of its 125 recommendations to create an efficient, incorruptible, professional and world-class police force, going even against the then Prime Minister, Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi who had publicly committed himself to accept and implement the IPCMC recommendation.
It was the combination of political opposition from Umno and police opposition led by the police leadership at the time which forced Abdullah to backtrack and finally scuttled the IPCMC proposal.
The spate of high-profile cases of police abuse and custodial deaths in the past few years, whether A. Kugan, 14-year-old student Aminurasyhid Amzah, framemaker Chia Buang Hing and pregnant store owner Chow Soo Meng, as well as human rights abuses by the police as in the weekend mass arrests of 59 Hindraf marchers protesting the controversial use of Interlok as school textbook have again highlighted the need for an IPCMC where public complaints of police abuses could be seen to be addressed with full seriousness, authority, independence, impartiality and professionalism. Read the rest of this entry »
Mahathir blames police over Ops Lalang
Regina Lee | Feb 9, 11
Malaysiakini
Former prime minister Dr Mahathir Mohamad had pointed at the direction of the police over Ops Lalang, which saw 106 people arrested including top political dissidents under the Internal Security Act in 1987.
In the most recent book on Mahathir, ‘Doctor M: Operation Malaysia – Conversations with Mahathir Mohamad’, the former premier of 22 years revealed that he was furious over the mass crackdown.
“Well, I would have handled it differently, except that the police wanted to do these things because they say it is necessary…
“I actually met all of the opposition members (beforehand) and assured them that they would not be arrested. And you know what the police did? They arrested them. My credibility is gone,” he said.
“You must have been furious!” retorted Tom Plate, the interviewer and author of the book.
“Yeah, but what can I do? You see, I have to accept that they are the people on the ground that makes a decision. I give general authority to them,” continued Mahathir, who was known as a strongman who brook little dissent. Read the rest of this entry »
DAP calls for Royal Commission of Inquiry into Kugan’s death in police custody as the criminal justice system has completely broken down beyond repair to deliver justice in cases of mysterious deaths in official custody
DAP calls for a Royal Commission of Inquiry into A. Kugan’s death in police custody as the criminal justice system has completely broken down beyond repair to deliver justice in cases of mysterious deaths in official custody.
It is not only Kugan’s family members and relatives headed by his mother, N. Indra, 41, hotel worker, who are shocked by this morning’s acquittal of constable V. Navindran for causing grievous hurt to Kugan, 22, when interrogating him at the Taipan police station in USJ-Subang Jaya on January 16, 2009, all decent Malaysians who had expected justice are also outraged.
This is another blot in the service record of the Attorney-General Tan Sri Gani Patail who had said that 11 officers were involved but only one was charged – and even the one charged ended with his acquittal when the Sessions Court judge Aslam Zainuddin said the prosecution had failed to prove a prima facie case against the accused.
If the Prime Minister, Datuk Seri Najib Razak can finally agree to the establishment of a Royal Commission of Inquiry into Teoh Beng Hock’s mysterious death at the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission more than 18 months ago following public outrage at the unsatisfactory “Open Verdict” of Teoh’s inquest, there is no reason why a Royal Commission of Inquiry is not established into Kugan’s death because of the most unsatisfactory and irresponsible handling of Kugan’s case in the past two years to establish the circumstances of his death, identify and punish the police personnel responsible for Kugan’s life and deliver justice to Kugan’s aggrieved family.
There have been too many cases of mysterious deaths in official custody as well as the result of police shootings. Read the rest of this entry »
Sarawak activists, lawyer detained ahead of polls
by Keruah Usit
Malaysiakini
Jan 7, 11
Police detained four activists and confiscated ‘seditious’ CDs and VCDs containing video and audio recordings of TV Sarawak Bebas and Radio Free Sarawak late last night in Kuching and Miri in what appears to be coordinated arrests.
Kuching-based land rights activist and Sarawak Dayak Iban Association (Sadia) secretary Nicholas Mujah and Miri-based land rights lawyer and activist Abun Sui Anyit were both detained by Kuching and Miri police respectively.
The duo had their statements taken by the police. The other two, who were arrested by police in Kuching but without their statements taken, were social activist Ong Boon Keong and Sadia staff Nikodemus Singgai.
Six Home Ministry officials and a team of Special Branch officers raided Sadia office just past midnight and confiscated about 1,200 of CDs and VCDs. Also confiscated were two compact disc burners and some promotional leaflets.
Mujah, Singgai and Ong were subsequently taken to the Satok police station in Kuching.
A few hours later, Mujah was transferred to the Home Ministry office in Kuching for questioning after the confiscated materials were recorded at the Satok police station.
He was told that he is being investigated under Section 6 of the Film Censorship Act. Read the rest of this entry »
A ‘black-eye’ for Malaysia
In an ideal world, Putrajaya’s word would be law.
It could, if it wished, feel that all is well. It decided that today by deciding to throw out allegations of evidence fabrication in Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim’s 1998 “black-eye incident”.
In its highly-anticipated explanation to Parliament today, the government clearly side-stepped the damning accusations made by former investigating officer Datuk Mat Zain Ibrahim that Attorney-General Tan Sri Abdul Gani Patail had falsified documents in the case, brushing aside the former’s two recent open letters.
Read the rest of this entry »
Putrajaya closes door on ‘black-eye’ issue
Posted by Kit in Anwar Ibrahim, Corruption, Crime, Police on Tuesday, 14 December 2010
The Malaysian Insider
By Clara Chooi
December 14, 2010
KUALA LUMPUR, Dec 14 — Putrajaya has closed the door for good on Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim’s 1998 “black-eye incident” despite allegations of evidence fabrication against Attorney-General Tan Sri Abdul Gani Patail.
In its highly-anticipated explanation to Parliament today, the government clearly side-stepped the damning accusations made by former investigating officer Datuk Mat Zain Ibrahim that Abdul Gani had falsified documents in the case, brushing aside the former’s two recent open letters.
Instead, Minister in the Prime Minister’s Department Datuk Seri Mohamed Nazri Aziz told the House today that there was no need for Mat Zain to complain that the independent panel formed to investigate the evidence fabrication had failed to clear his name in the incident.
This, said Nazri, was because Mat Zain had never been the subject of the panel’s probe and had merely been called forth as a witness to testify.
“The MACC’s (Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission) advisory board, though its letter to Datuk Mat Zain on July 23, 2009, had already stressed that there was no need for the independent panel or the MACC to clear Mat Zain’s name, seeing as he was not the subject of the investigation in the first place,” he said. Read the rest of this entry »
Mat Zain insists A-G interferred in ‘black-eye case’
Posted by Kit in Anwar Ibrahim, Court, Crime, Police on Friday, 10 December 2010
By Clara Chooi
The Malaysian Insider
December 10, 2010
KUALA LUMPUR, Dec 10 — A former investigating officer stood by his recent allegations that Tan Sri Abdul Gani Patail had fabricated evidence during the infamous 1998 “black-eye incident” involving Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim, and warned he would continue to speak up.
Datuk Mat Zain Ibrahim, who was the investigating officer in the case involving the assault of Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim in police custody, made his second appeal in another open letter to Inspector-General of Police Tan Sri Ismail Omar today, calling for the 12-year-old case to be reopened.
“I leave it to your discretion, Tan Sri, to make the best decision on behalf of the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP); one that is fair to all parties.
“However I also protect my right to proceed or stop right now, my correspondence pertaining to this issue or to any other issue related to it,” he wrote.
The former KL CID chief said the Home Ministry’s declaration last week that the “black-eye” case would remain closed clearly showed the government’s intention to protect “certain individuals”.
Home Minister Datuk Seri Hishammuddin Hussein had told DAP MP Lim Kit Siang last Monday that there was no need to reopen the “black-eye” case as the police had no reason to believe that false evidence had been given during the investigation. Read the rest of this entry »
Mat Zain’s 2nd Open Letter on Anwar’s “black-eye” assault
Posted by Kit in Anwar Ibrahim, Police on Friday, 10 December 2010
SURAT TERBUKA KEDUA
Kepada,
YDH Tan Sri Haji Ismail bin Haji Omar IGP,
Ketua Polis Negara,
Polis Di-Raja Malaysia,
Bukit Aman,
50560 Kuala Lumpur. Melalui:Email dan PosEmail:[email protected]
10hb.Disember 2010
YDH Tan Sri,
JAWAPAN KDN MENGENAI INSIDEN MATA-LEBAM.
Assalamualaikum wbt.,Semoga YDH Tan Sri dalam sihat walfiat.
2. Izinkan saya dengan segala hurmatnya merujuk kepada jawapan YB Menteri Dalam Negeri bertarikh 2.12.2010 kepada persoalan yang ditimbulkan di-Parlimen oleh YB Lim Kit Siang berkaitan isu diatas.
3. Saya menarik perhatian Tan Sri kepada petikan jawapan tersebut; “Pihak PDRM telah membuat semakan keatas penyiasatan yang melibatkan Dato Seri Anwar Ibrahim dalam kes serangan mata-lebam pada 1998.Tiada apa apa keterangan yang boleh menunjukkan berlakunya keterangan palsu dalam penyiasatan tersebut”.Saya memohon maaf kerana terpaksa menyatakan pendapat saya, bahawa pendirian yang PDRM ambil dalam menyediakan jawapan tersebut adalah jauh berbeza,malahan bertentangan dengan pendirian PDRM, ketika menangani siasatan insiden ini pada 1998.Saya wajar menegaskan bahawa pendirian PDRM ketika itu, adalah untuk menjalankan siasatan “without fear or favour;leaving no stone unturned;and to get it over with as soon as possible” dan tidak ada sebarang “cover-up” untuk sesiapa pun.Namun begitu pendirian kali ini nampaknya cenderong kepada melindungi orang-orang tertentu.
4. Saya berharap pendirian sedemikian yang Tan Sri ambil dalam penyediaan jawapan diatas adalah terbatas yang disebabkan oleh kekurangan bahan rujukan yang sepatutnya berada dalam kertas siasatan kes mata-lebam tersebut. Pada ketika penyiasatan kes ini lagi, beberapa dokumen penting dalam kertas siasatan itu, pernah dihilangkan ketika ditangan Peguam Negara dan kami terpaksa menggantikannya dengan salinan pendua.Malah keseluruhan kertas siasatan berkenaan pernah “dihilangkan” sementara, selama lebih kurang 3 minggu diatara 30.10.1998 hingga 20.11.1998 sepertimana yang saya jelaskan dalam perenggan 16 Surat Terbuka saya kepada Tan Sri pada 22.11.2010. Tidak hairan jika berlaku kekurangan kandungan kertas siasatan itu, kerana ianya tersorok lama di-Jabatan Peguam Negara. Read the rest of this entry »
Racial breakdown for police/immigration services
Soalan:
Tuan Lim Kit Siang [Ipoh Timur] minta MENTERI DALAM NEGERI menyatakan butir-butir mengikut kaum pegawai polis dan imigresen berikan angka-angka tersebut mengikut gred masing-masing.
Jawapan:
Untuk makluman AhIi Yang Berhormat, sehingga 31 Julal 2010 jumlah anggota polis di seluruh negara ialah 106,530 orang. Jumlah anggota polis ini melibatkan pelbagai gred jawatan dan peringkat Anggota Polis Pangkat Rendah dan Sokongan hingga Ketua Polis Negara (KPN). Daripada jumlah tersebut, sejumlah 84,523 orang atau 79.34% adalah terdiri daripada kaum Melayu, 2,210 orang atau 2.07% kaum Cina, 3,624 orang atau 3.4% kaum India dan 15,886 orang atau 14.91% lain-lain kaum.
Sehingga 31 Ogos 2010 jumlah anggota Jabatan lmigresen ialah 11,017 orang di mana sejumlah 9,598 atau 87.12% anggota terdiri daripada kalangan kaum Melayu, 322 atau 2.92% kaum India, 208 atau 1.87% kaum Cina, 813 atau 7.38% kaum Bumiputra dan 76 orang atau 0.69% kaum-kaum lain.
Maklumat terperinci berkaitan gred jawatan berdasarkan kaum adalah seperti di Lampiran A dan B.
Lampiran A
Maklumat perjawatan anggota Polis Diraja Malaysia (PDRM) berdasarkan gred jawatan dan kaum sehingga 31 Julai 2010 Read the rest of this entry »
Putrajaya to decide on Anwar’s ‘black-eye’ probe on Monday
Posted by Kit in Anwar Ibrahim, Parliament, Police on Thursday, 9 December 2010
By Clara Chooi
The Malaysian Insider
December 09, 2010
KUALA LUMPUR, Dec 9 — Putrajaya will declare its final decision on Monday whether to reopen Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim’s infamous 1998 “black-eye incident” amid allegations of evidence fabrication or close the files on the 12-year-old case for good.
De facto law minister Datuk Seri Mohamed Nazri Aziz told The Malaysian Insider yesterday that he was scheduled to take on the opposition in Parliament next week on the issue, saying that the decision would be “final” and binding.
He explained that an explanation was sought last week from Attorney-General Tan Sri Abdul Gani Patail on recent allegations that he had falsified testimonies in the incident and he was now finalising the details on the issue.
“We will deliver our ministerial stand on it on Monday and that will be the final decision on the matter,” he said, declining to disclose further details. Read the rest of this entry »
The Illegitimate Use Of Violence
In Weberian philosophy, a nation-state is defined by, inter alia, its monopoly on the legitimate use of violence. This is to say that the state retains all rights to the use of force through its legitimised instruments, i.e. the police and military. At the same time, the state, especially a democratic one, is also entrusted to to exercise this right in a manner that upholds the spirit of justice and human liberty.
However, because philosophy has no place in our national education, and perhaps because any Malay translation of Max Weber’s writings would probably have been acquired from Google Translate (as was the case with the translation of Teoh Beng Hock’s ‘suicide note’), it is understandable that those running our country today would fail to understand the intended implications of his seminal thesis.
As comprehensive as the online translator may be, the term ‘legitimate’ has appeared to have escaped the notice of the authorities, resulting in a situation in which state-sponsored violence is meted out in arbitrary fashion, with no regard whatsoever to the principles of justice.
Read the rest of this entry »
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